In the human body, NAD+ plays a central role in cellular energy production, mitochondrial function, and metabolic regulation. Research explores its involvement in sirtuin activation (linked to DNA repair, inflammation control, and longevity pathways), support for ATP synthesis via the electron transport chain, and cellular responses to stress. NAD+ levels are studied in the context of aging, metabolic health, and neuroprotection.

Chemical Structure: NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme composed of two nucleotides joined through phosphate groups — one containing adenine and the other nicotinamide. It exists in oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms.